LO1 Brief
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Chosen area
I have chose to look in to short films for my chosen area as i think they are interesting to plan and create. After producing my previous short film production I have received feedback saying my short film was good and i have been told that I would do quite well.
Secondary Research
Brief history of film
"No one person invented cinema. However, in 1891 the Edison Company in the USA successfully demonstrated a prototype of the Kinetoscope, which enabled one person at a time to view moving pictures. The first to present projected moving pictures to a paying audience (i.e. cinema) were the Lumière brothers in December 1895 in Paris.
At first, films were very short, sometimes only a few minutes or less. They were shown at fairgrounds and music halls or anywhere a screen could be set up and a room darkened. Subjects included local scenes and activities, views of foreign lands, short comedies and events considered newsworthy. The films were accompanied by lecturers, music and a lot of audience participation—although they did not have synchronised dialogue, they were not ‘silent’ as they are sometimes described." By 1914, several national film industries were established. Europe, Russia and Scandinavia were as important as America. Films became longer, and storytelling, or narrative, became the dominant form. As more people paid to see movies, the industry which grew around them was prepared to invest more money in their production, distribution and exhibition, so large studios were established and special cinemas built. The First World War greatly limited the film industry in Europe, and the American industry grew in relative importance. The first 30 years of cinema were characterised by the growth and consolidation of an industrial base, the establishment of the narrative form, and refinement of technology." National Science and Media Museum blog. (2020). A very short history of cinema. [online] Available at: https://blog.scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk/very-short-history-of-cinema/ [Accessed 17 Dec. 2019].
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How it has developed
HOLLYWOOD, California—As filmmaking technology has advanced, films have changed to take advantage of it. The 2005 version of King Kong looks and feels nothing like the 1933 version. The newer Kong appears in vivid color, and thanks to CGI he’s a convincingly lifelike beast. The original soundtrack is tinny and shrill; in the newer one, the great ape’s snorts and growls are deep and realistic.
Movies have changed in less obvious ways too, says James Cutting, a psychologist at Cornell University who’s been studying the evolution of cinema. Cutting presented some of his findings at a recent event here sponsored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. “All these things are working to hold our attention better,” Cutting said. Miller, G., Miller, G., McMillan, G., Cartoons, W., Parham, J., Readers, W., Kehe, J. and Watercutter, A. (2019). Data From a Century of Cinema Reveals How Movies Have Evolved. [online] WIRED. Available at: https://www.wired.com/2014/09/cinema-is-evolving/ [Accessed 17 Dec. 2019].
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Technological advancements
"The development of motion picture complexity has been driven by a continuing technological evolution, ignited and manipulated by human initiative and inventiveness, which has afforded filmmakers the opportunity to practice a more complex craft to tell more complex stories. In concert with societal attitudes and proximity, this evolution has driven the development of distinct styles, movements, and methods that would have been impossible without increasingly advanced apparatus. However, while this technological progression has been linear, it has not necessarily coincided with a similar evolution of quality; the skill of a filmmaker should not be judged by the technological complexity of the production, but by the ability of the filmmaker to wield the technology of the time and of his or her choosing to effectively and clearly convey a narrative, evoke an emotion, or make an impression. Although the linear technological evolution of filmmaking has empowered filmmakers by offering a more diverse catalogue of tools and techniques, it is the filmmaker’s ability to effectively and discerningly utilize this technology within a temporal and societal context that truly drives cinematic quality, of which there has been no clear linear progression.
As film history has progressed, so too has the sophistication of filmmaking technology, from cameras, to sound recording, to editing. Technological advancements in these areas expand the creative potential of the filmmaker. However, just because technology is more advanced does not mean that it is necessarily superior in each given application. Rather, advanced technology is advantageous in that it broadens the toolset available to the filmmaker from which he or she can discern which equipment and techniques are best suited to a given production. French film theorist Louis Delluc would call these filmmaking techniques and methods cinematic formal elements, or those elements unique to film as an art form, such as editing and camera movement (Jaramillo). As the evolution of film has progressed, the catalogue of cinematic formal elements has grown, enabling filmmakers to, at their discretion, make more complex films. Even restricted to the confines of what Tom Gunning calls “cinema of attractions,” the dominant paradigm before 1908 (73), this is evident." |
Piccirillo, R. (2019). The Technological Evolution of Filmmaking and its Relation to Quality in Cinema. [online] Inquiries Journal. Available at: http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/560/the-technological-evolution-of-filmmaking-and-its-relation-to-quality-in-cinema [Accessed 12 Dec. 2019].
Lumiere BrothersLumière brothers, French inventors and pioneer manufacturers of photographic equipment who devised an early motion-picture camera and projector called the Cinématographe (“cinema” is derived from this name). Auguste Lumière (b. October 19, 1862, Besançon, France—d. April 10, 1954, Lyon) and his brother Louis Lumière (b. October 5, 1864, Besançon—d. June 6, 1948, Bandol) created the film La Sortie des ouvriers de l’usine Lumière (1895; “Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory”), which is considered the first motion picture.
Sons of a painter turned photographer, the two boys displayed brilliance in science at school in Lyon, where their father had settled. Louis worked on the problem of commercially satisfactory development of film; at 18 he had succeeded so well that with his father’s financial aid he opened a factory for producing photographic plates, which gained immediate success. By 1894 the Lumières were producing some 15 million plates a year. That year the father, Antoine, was invited to a showing of Thomas Edison’s Kinetoscope in Paris; his description of the peephole machine on his return to Lyon set Louis and Auguste to work on the problem of combining animation with projection. Louis found the solution, which was patented in 1895. At that time they attached less importance to this invention than to improvements they had made simultaneously in colour photography. But on December 28, 1895, a showing at the Grand Café on the boulevard des Capucines in Paris brought wide public acclaim and the beginning of cinema history. |
Encyclopedia Britannica. (2020). Lumiere brothers | Biography, Inventions, Movies, & Facts. [online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lumiere-brothers [Accessed 18 Dec. 2019].
First motion pictureIn this video they show the different pieces of footage that were created by the early film makers such as Thomas Edison. In this video we see the first ever motion picture ever made and from watching it we can understand how far film has progressed over the many years since it has started
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